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Question

I have seen Om written everywhere in Hinduism like before any mantra starts or Hindus write it on their entry gates to their homes and it is also an important sign of Hindus.What does Om mean?

Answer 1

Meaning of Om (?) Om is the sound of the ultimate reality consciousness or Brahman. A (?) — Represents creation (linked with Brahma) U (?) — Represents preservation (linked with Vishnu) M (?) — Represents destruction/transformation (linked with Shiva) Beginning a mantra with "Om" purifies the mind and prepares it for spiritual practice

Answer 2

Your title question What is the meaning of sound symbol Om?

This question has been answered by Patanjali Yoga Sutra and Māndūkya Upanishad.

1) Patanajali says in Yoga Sutras [1.27-28] OM is not only God's name but also form.

???? ????? ?????? ? ?.?? ?
??????? ??????????? ? ?.?? ?

Sutra-1.27: The Sacred word connotes Him [i.e. The word OM is His significator].

Sutra-1.28: Its repetition and the understanding of its meaning.

In other words, Japa of of that name, and cultivating and absorbing its meaning is called ī?vara pra?idhāna [refer Yoga Sutra-1.23] the practice of the presence of God.

2) Māndūkya Upanishad says each letter of AUM represents each state which are waking, dream, and deep sleep respectively and finally merging in the fourth Turīya state (Atman) as follows:

???? ??? ? ????????????????? ????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????????? ??????????? ?? |
?????????????????????? ??????????? ?? ? ? ?
???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????????????? ? ?? 
?????????????????? ???? ? ??? ??? ? ? ? 
????????????????? ????? ???????? ????????????????????????????????? ? ?? 
???????????? ??????? ???? ???????????????????? ???? ? ??? ??? ? ?? ?
????????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ? ?? ??? 
???????????? ???? ? ??? ??? ? ?? ?
?????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? 
?????????????????????? ? ??? ??? ? ?? ?

Verse-1: Hari? Aum. Aum, the word, is all this. A clear explanation of it (is the following). All that is past, present and future is verily Aum. That which is beyond the triple conception of time, is also truly Aum.

Beware-1: All the Abhidhān (??????/Name] i.e. all forms in phenomenon are gross manifestations of Abhidheya (??????/Form) i.e. of Name (also referred as Shabda-Brahman/Nāda-Brahman/Hiranyagarbha/Cosmic Subtle body). Thus all Nāma-Rūpa (names and forms) are manifestations of Aumkar ('Pranav Dhvani').

The ultimate Reality is beyond Nāma-Rūpa, space and time, body and mind; and thus is beyond Aumkar, but to reach it, we have no other means than Aumkar and hence the Truth is also referred by Aum (?).

Verse-9: He who is Vai?vānara, having for its sphere of activity the waking state, is A, the first letter (of Aum) on account of its all-pervasiveness or on account of being the first (these being the common features of both). One who knows this attains to the fulfilment of all desires and becomes the first (of all).

Beware-2: A is the first letter and also pervades all speech; similarly Virat is the first quarter and it pervades all.

Verse-10: Taijasa, whose sphere of activity is the dream state, is U (?), the second letter (of Aum) on account of superiority or on account of being in between the two. He who knows this attains to a superior knowledge, is treated equally by all alike and finds no one in his line who is not a knower of Brahman.

Beware-3: U is in the middle of 'A' and 'M', also it is superior to 'A' and thus signifies intermediate-ness and excellence. Taijasa is superior to Vishwa; and dream state is in the middle of waking and deep sleep states.

Verse-11: Prāj?a whose sphere is deep sleep is M (?) the third part (letter) of Aum, because it is both the measure and that wherein all become one. One who knows this (identity of Prāj?a and M) is able to measure all (realise the real nature of the world) and also comprehends all within himself.

Beware-4: M is the merging point for 'A' and 'U', and it sort of 'measures' them i.e. 'taking in' and 'throwing out'. Similarly Vishwa and Taijasa are dissolved in Prājna; and Prājna sort of measures them i.e. 'absorbing in' and 'issuing out'

Verse-12: That which has no parts (soundless), incomprehensible (with the aid of the senses), the cessation of all phenomena, all bliss and non-dual Aum, is the fourth and verily the same as the ātman. He who knows this merges his self in the Self.

Beware-5: The three letters of Aum merge in the fourth Amātra (??????) of Aum ( ? ). The spiritual aspirant who has practiced the identity of A, U, M of with waking, dream, and deep sleep states, merges himself/herself into the real Self i.e. Turīya - the infinite Reality out of which all states appear.

Summarizing (1) and (2), Patanjali and Māndūkya Upanishad unanimously associate OM with God (ī?vara) and ātman (Turīya avastha) respectively.

Beware-6: Māndūkya Upanishad [verse-2] says ????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ? ? ? meaning: "All this is verily Brahman. This ātman is Brahman. This ātman has four quarters." Observe that this verse contains one of the four Mahāvākyam from Veda, Ayamatma-Brahma (???????? ??????). Chatushpāt (?????????/Four legs/quarters) - this Atman (or Brahman) is said to be of four legs/quarters; however it is not to be understood as having four separate legs/quarters like the four legs of a cow but rather four quarters of a one single coin. Just as four quarters make one whole and one whole can be seen as made up of four quarters, similarly this Atman is made up of four quarters identical with A, U, M, & Amātra of Aumkar and also with waking, dream, deep-sleep, Turīya states respectively.

Beware-7: Some Vaishnavas interpret the meaning of first two verses of Māndūkya as below:

• A - ???????? Aniruddha - ??????????? Vai?vānara-rupa
• U - ???????????? Praddyumna - ??????? Taijasa-rupa
• M - ??????? Sankarshan - ?????????? Prājna-rupa
• ? - ??????? Vasudeva - ???????? Turīya-rupa

Good Luck!